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Sidney Mason Stone (May 8, 1803-Aug 10, 1882) was a prominent Connecticut architect and builder known for designs of churches, institutional buildings and residences. His creations incorporated Greek Revival, Romanesque, Gothic, Italianate and other styles popular in the 19th century. He served in several civic capacities in the city of New Haven and statewide and as mentor to Yale students prior to the establishment of that university’s School of Architecture. He was the father of Harriett Mulford Stone, better known to readers of children’s literature as Margaret Sidney, creator of the ''Five Little Peppers'' series. ==Biography== Sidney Mason Stone was born in Milford, Connecticut to Samuel Stone and Mary (Polly) Woodruff,〔Third Census of the United States, 1810. (NARA microfilm publication M252, 71 rolls). Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. Census Place: Milford, New Haven, Connecticut; Roll 2; Page:498; Image: 0281230〕 proprietors of the Woodruff Tavern, a popular stopping point for travelers on the Boston Post Road. The Stone and Woodruff family lineages trace back to numerous Connecticut patriots and clergymen including Rev. Thomas Hooker and Rev. Samuel Stone, founders of the Connecticut Colony and the city of Hartford and Robert Treat, Governor of the Connecticut Colony between 1683 and 1698, as well as to the Mayflower Pilgrims.〔Carson, Norma Bright, “Margaret Sidney The Writer of the Famous Polly Pepper Books”, ''The Book New Monthly'' 28 (February 1910): 407-414〕 Sidney Mason Stone had one brother, Benjamin Woodruff Stone (1808-1891). Mary and Samuel Stone were divorced in 1816.〔Divorce records for New Haven County, 1816, archived at the Connecticut State Library, Hartford, CT〕 Sidney and Benjamin were baptized in the Orange Congregational Church (built by David Hoadley (architect) in 1810 and now part of the Orange Center Historic District (Orange, Connecticut)) on 5 February 1821.〔Orange Congregational Church Records〕〔Ricker, Jacqueline L, ed., ''Families of Early Milford'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1979, p. 711.〕 Benjamin eventually became a merchant tailor and, for several decades, operated a shop in New Haven, Connecticut.〔''New Haven, Connecticut, City Directories'', 1844-1867〕 Mary Stone married William Woodruff, in 1829. She died in 1854. Sidney Mason Stone married Abigail Treat, daughter of Stephen Atwater Treat and Cornelia H. Bull of Milford, CT on April 20, 1830 in New Haven. She gave birth to five children 〔1850 United States Federal Census Census Place: New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut; Roll: M432_47; Page: 296B; Image: 391〕—Mary L. (born 1832), William W. (born 1833), Harriet T. (born 1836 who died as an infant), Sidney M., Jr. (born 1838) who drowned in a boating accident on Lake Saltonstall (Connecticut) at the age of 24〔''Hartford Daily Courant'', November 1, 1862, p. 2.〕 and Abigail (born 1841). She died on January 17, 1841 at the age of 29.〔''Connecticut Deaths and Burials, 1772–1934''. Index. FamilySearch, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2009, 2010. (Index entries derived from digital copies of original and compiled records.)〕 On September 14, 1843 Stone married Harriet Mulford daughter of Hervey Mulford and Nancy Bradley of New Haven〔''Connecticut Courant'', September 23, 1843, p. 3.〕 They had two daughters, Harriett M. (born 1844) and Julia M. (born 1853).〔Census of the United States: 1870; Census Place: New Haven Ward 6, New Haven, Connecticut; Roll: M593_110; Page: 575A; Image: 511; Family History Library Film: 545609.〕 Harriett grew up to be the bestselling author of the ''Five Little Peppers'' children's series, although her fame did not come until after her father's death. In her later years she confided that when she first learned she was to become a published author she decided to use a pen name in deference to her father who she said “looked with disfavor on young women who wrote for publication”. She chose the name 'Margaret Sidney', taking his first name as her last in his honor.〔Lothrop, Margaret M., ''The Wayside: Home of Authors'', American Book Company, New York, 1940, unpaged.〕 Like many architects and builders of the time, scant information is available regarding Stone’s professional education. His obituary,〔''New Haven Register'' Vol XLI, Issue 185, August 11, 1882, p. 2〕 says that he moved to New Haven at the age of 19 to “learn the joiners’ trade”. Elizabeth Mills Brown elaborates, "He began as an itinerant carpenter and worked his way up through the building trades." 〔Brown, Elizabeth Mills, New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design, Yale University Press: New Haven, 1976, p. 6〕 However, George Dudley Seymour, in his 1942 volume, ''New Haven'', says, “After working ten years or so as a master-builder and contractor, Stone determined to devote himself exclusively to the business of an architect, preparing and drawing specifications and superintending work in behalf of the owner. To better qualify himself for this work he took a short course of study at the New York University.”〔Seymour, George Dudley, ''New Haven: A book recording the varied activities of the author in his efforts over many years to promote the welfare of the city of his adoption since 1883, together with some researches into its storied past and many illustrations'', New Haven, privately published, 1942, p. 244.〕 This assertion is borne out by early records from New York University which include Stone among the institution’s first enrolled students in 1832. In that same year, the renowned civil engineer, David Bates Douglass was hired by the fledgling university as Professor of Natural Philosophy and Civil Engineering (a title which was eventually changed to Professor of Civil Engineering and Architecture).〔Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence, et al., editors, ''New York University; its history influence, equipment and characteristics, with biographical sketches and portraits of founders, benefactors officers and alumni'', R. Herndon Company, Boston, 1901 (pp. 69 & 78)〕 Since, at the time, the school had no other faculty teaching architecture or related subjects, the conclusion can be drawn that Stone studied under Douglass who, along with Ithiel Town and Alexander Jackson Davis, also contributed to the building designs for NYU.〔''VanNostrand’s Eclectic Engineering Magazine'', No. XXXVII, January 1872, Vol VI, p. 5.〕 Stone remained in New Haven throughout his long career. According to Jerome Lucke's ''History of the New Haven Grays'', Stone, who headed the booklet's publication committee in 1876' was, at that time, "one of our most prominent and wealthy men, his property being largely in real estate in this city (Haven ) and Meriden. Much of his time is spent in the care and management of his property. " Luckes went on to describe Stone as, "Still young looking and active, and as erect as when he carried a sword in front of the Grays many years ago."〔Lucke, Jerome B., ''History of the New Haven Grays'', Tuttle, Morehouse and Taylor, Printers: New Haven, 1876, p. 68.〕 Six years later, in 1882, Stone died in his New Haven home at age 79.〔 He was buried in Grove Street Cemetery. After his death many of his numerous real estate holdings were sold to pay off claims against his estate amounting to $77,843.〔''New Haven Register'', Vol. XLII, Issue 274, p. 1.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sidney Mason Stone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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